A comparative study of body language in America and China开题报告

 2023-01-17 19:46:10

1. 研究目的与意义

Body language is an indispensable part of language. It is a kind of silent language which can convey our emotions by a variety of movements of our bodies, such as gesture, facial expression and other forms. Nowadays, with the development of globalization, the connection between countries is closer, and it is common to see the communication between people of different countries. However in different cultures, the same movement of the body may mean different things. As body language played an important role in communication, understanding the implicature of body language in different cultures is important in order to ensure a successful intercultural communication. The intention of this thesis is to help people understand the body language better and improve their ability to communicate with people from other countries. Moreover, this thesis helps to avoid misunderstandings caused by the body language and provide some valuable reference for the later researches.

2. 研究内容和预期目标

This thesis aims to compare the similarities and differences of body language in china and America. Meanwhile, it will analyse the causes that lead to the differences and try to find ways to avoid conflict caused by misunderstanding the body language in intercultural communication.

3. 国内外研究现状

Body language, as an important communicative way, has attained much attention. Many scholars at home and abroad have made a great contribution to the studies on body language. The first such study can be traced backe to the 19th century when Darwin made a research on nonverbal language and published the work: Expression of human and animal. Ray Birdwhistell coined the term kinesics to initiate the systematic study of how human beings communicate through body movements and gestures. He constructed the conception system of Kinesics in his article Kinesics and Context: Essay on Body Motion Communication. In the 1960s , many studies on body language appeared, involving eye behaviors, touch, body postures and body gestures. Dr. Edward T. Hall, professor of anthropology at Northwestern University, went into the cross-cultural perspective of proteomics. He (1959 )stressed the importance of cultural factors behind thebody language, and revealed the profound mystery of kinesics in communication. In1970s, body language has got the deep development from different perspectives, such as, Julius Fast#8217;s Body Language in 1973. He explained by presenting interesting instances the meaning of such nonverbal behaviors as gestures, facial expressions, postures, and distance between interlocutors

Chen Wangdao (1979) pointed out that language is a way to send and receive information, and he was the first in china to make a clear distinction of body language from other means of message transferring. GuanYanxiang (2004) said that nonverbal communication is a process in which communicators use the natural features of their bodies to deliver information and express specific meaning instinctively to other communicator. The study involves three major parameters :proxemies, kinesics or body language and paralanguage such as eye language . So far, there have been more than 20 works on nonverbal communication and more than 200 essays relatedto body language. The scholars are mostly focusing on the study of body language#8217;s definition, nature, function; and the differences of body language in intercultural communication; and the application of the theory of body language.In a word, the study of body language will became mature with the economy development and more frequent communication among countries

4. 计划与进度安排

Outline

1. Introduction

2. Literature review of body language

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5. 参考文献

1]Adler Ronald B, Elmhorst Jeanne M. Communicating at Work-Principles and Practices for Business and the Professions (Sixth Edition) [M].The McGraw―Hill Companies,Inc.1999, P92 [2] Efron D. Gesture, Race and Culture[M]. The Hague: Mouton, 1972. [3] Ekman P. Facial Expression[M]. Chichester, England: John Wiley amp; Sons Ltd, 1999 [4] 毕继万. 跨文化非语言交际[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 1998. [5]陈望道.修辞学发凡 [ M ] .上海：上海教育出版社，新一版，1979:21. [6] 李惠. 中西方人体语言之文化差异[J]. 达县师范高等专科学校学报(综 合报), 2000. [7]胡文仲. 文化与交际[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1994. [8] 贾玉新. 跨文化交际学[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1997. [9] 况新华. 论人体语言的交际功能及其文化性[J].大连外国语学院学报,2004,(08). [10]唐振华. 身势语的含义[J].深圳大学学报,1996,(01). [11]管严项 #183;非言语行为的研究「M」上海：学林出版社.2004:7. [12] 赵海楠. 试论人体语言学的概念及其他[J]. 湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学报), 1995.[13] 张默. 中美非语言交际的文化差异[D]. 大连:东北财经大学, 2007.

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