1. 研究目的与意义
Jungian analysis, also known as analytical psychology, is a term coined by Carl Jung，a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, to describe research into his new 'empirical science' of the psyche. It has been influential in the fields of literature, philosophy, psychology and so on. Therefore, it is an effective theory to analyse the inner world of individuals, whether they be literary or real-life.
The Woman Warrior is a renowned book written by Maxine Hong Kingston, a famous Chinese American author. The book blends autobiography with old Chinese folktales. It is a seminal piece of writing about emigration and identity. Maxine Hong Kingston listened to the mesmerizing tales told by her mother throughout her childhood while she was struggling to fit in with a foreign culture. The fierce and wily women warriors in the tales clash jarringly with the harsh reality of female oppression. The book is the story of a trenchant, lyrical journey into individuation. Therefore, by using the theory mentioned above, the inner resistance to female identity as well as the ultimate reconciliation can be explicitly analyzed.
By analyzing the whole process of female individuation, the underlying cause of female’s lack of self-identity can be well illustrated from the inner world so as to appeal for women in need to ponder over this issue and reclaim their self worth.
2. 研究内容和预期目标
The Woman Warrior consists of five parts, each concerning a specific woman. The five women mentioned in the book are Kingston’s long-dead aunt, Fa Mu Lan, Kingston’s mother, her aunt Moon Orchid, and herself. The stories are originally from Kingston’s mother and adapted by Kingston, in which every woman has a distinct personality. They have more or less trouble accepting their female identity, which can be taken as a way of Kingston’s self-expression. Thus, this paper aims to illustrate how the stories Maxine Hong Kingston hears from her mother contribute to the resistance to and reconciliation with female identify from a Jungian perspective.
The paper is comprised of five chapters. The first chapter is introduction, which includes a literature review of The Woman Warrior, the definition of Jungian analysis and the explanation of the major theory and terms involved in the following text. The second chapter is characters’ connotations of of Kingston''s self-expression. It explicates the characters’ response to female identity and what it implies in terms of Kingston’s self-expression. The third chapter is the core of this paper, which will apply Jungian analysis into the causes of Kingston’s inner resistance and reconciliation. It will analyze the major two problems of the mother complex and how these two issues influence theinner world. The fourth chapter is Kingston’s arduous journey to self-identification. It will analyze the struggles and compromises Kingston makes during the process of individuation. The last chapter is conclusion, which will review the original question and give a full summary of the findings and implications.
3. 国内外研究现状
In recent years, great achievements have been made by scholars home and abroad in the studies of Maxine Hong Kingston as well as her works. As a Chinese American, Kingston has been struggling with her identity since she was a little girl living in China town. The culture clash she experienced contributed to her publication of a lot of successful books dealing with culture clash, identity, feminism and many other relevant aspects, The Woman Warrior being the most renowned one. Many papers have analyzed this famous book from various aspects. Xie Xiaotong and Zhang Yanwei focus on the race and gender problems from a feminist perspective. They argue that the book is a subversion to the traditional autobiographical style set by male discourse, and Kingston is appealing for equality for Chinese Americans. Xiao Qing believes that Kingston writes the book to appeal for cultural amalgamation. By constructing a multi-cultural view, Chinese Americans can find their way to tackle the culture clash.
The most frequent issue studied in The Woman Warrior is self reconstruction. There are numerous papers dealing with this topic from various perspectives. Qian Wang analyzes this issue from a post-colonialism perspective. Qian argues that Kingston’s 'distortion' of traditional Chinese mythology is used to prove that the mimicry of Chinese fable enables Kingston and all the Chinese Americans to reconstruct themselves while being caught in the dilemma of Chinese and American culture. Xu Zhen applies trauma theory to the study of self reconstruction. Xu analyzes the causes and effects of identity crisis and how these contribute to the reconstruction of self-consciousness. Qiong He also applies trauma theory in his study. Qiong studies the effects of various traumas upon the psychology of characters and examines how Kingston utilizes intertextuality as a way of demonstrating traumatic repetition and promoting healing. Qiong argue that intertextuality revising the Chinese legend enables characters to conflate the unspeakable experience into their cognitive systems, and to reconstruct a past free from trauma. Wei Shuqin analyzes how the novel narrative pattern which retells the story with some of Kingston’s imagination indicates the relationship between Kingston and the characters, and contribute to her self reconstruction from the perspective of new historicism. Paul Outka elaborates on Kingston''s fraught efforts to create an identity, to traverse the distance from her 'girlhood' to the person creating the narrative voice.
4. 计划与进度安排
Outline
Introduction
1. Characters'' connotations of Kingston''s self-expression
5. 参考文献
[1]King-Kok Cheung. 'Don''t Tell': Imposed Silences in The Color Purple and The Woman Warrior[J]. PMLA, 1988, 103(2): 162-174.
[2]LeiLani Nishime. Engendering Genre: Gender and Nationalism in China Men and The Woman Warrior[J]. MELUS, 1995, 20(1): 67-82.
[3]Linda Hunt. 'I Could Not Figure out What Was My Village': Gender vs. Ethnicity in Maxine Hong Kingston''s The Woman Warrior[J]. MELUS, 1985, 12(3): 5-12.
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